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Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie was born on Christmas
Eve, 1837, in Munich, Germany, to the Duke and Duchess of Bavaria, Maximilian and Ludovica. Ludovica was born the daughter
of King Maximilian I of Bavaria and his second wife, Catharine of Baden in 1808. The same year, her future husband and cousin,
Maximilian was born to the Duke and Duchess of Bavaria. Ludovica was the Royal Princess of Bavaria and when she married her
cousin in 1828, she married below her station, as her husband was a mere duke. Ludovica had two other sisters, Sophie and
Elise. Sophie had married the into the family of the Holy Roman Emperors with her marriage to Franz Karl and Elise had
married into the Prussian Royal Family and became Queen of Prussia. The couple lived in Maximilian's castle in Munich
and spent their summers in a Bavarian summer retreat, Possenhofen, a castle in the Bavarian countryside. The couple had their
first child, a son named Ludwig, in 1831. Following Ludwig came a daughter, Helene, born in 1834. Six other children followed:
- Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, 1837
- Karl Theodor, 1839
- Marie, 1841
- Mathilde, 1843
- Sophie, 1847
- Max Emmanuel, 1849
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The rather large family grew up with their strict mother and their overly
eccentric father. While her older sister, Helene, was an admirable young woman with manners and grace, Elisabeth, who was
nicknamed Sisi when she was a little girl for reasons unknown, was the opposite. Elisabeth was a rowdy wanton. She rolled
in the grass, got dirty, played in the forests around Possenhofen, and spent hours riding on her horses. Elisabeth's passion
was horses and she loved to spend time with them. In fact, she loved all animals, as her eccentric father had. She had a wide
menagerie that traveled with her from the family's Munich castle to Possenhofen. She had rabbits, guinea pigs, canaries, dogs,
hamsters, and lambs and many more. Elisabeth adored her father. Her mother was pre-occupied with Helene, the kind of
girl a mother would love at the time and so Elisabeth turned towards Maximilian. The two had a very good father-daughter
relationship and spent hours talking about poetry and the arts and of course spent mornings and afternoons riding in the countryside.
Elisabeth did not keep a diary but instead wrote poems to express herself. There really was no other place to turn to
as although Elisabeth had a strong relationship with her brothers and sisters, she had no real friends.
When Elisabeth was still very young, she fell in love with a count who frequently visited the
family's castle in Munich. She was smitten, and when her mother found her poems and lovesick expressions written down about
him, the count was banished from the castle and Elisabeth never saw him again. Elisabeth had another adventure in love when
her family visited the family of her Aunt Sophie. Karl Ludwig, Elisabeth's cousin, was very fond of Elisabeth and admired
her canaries and her drawings she had made of the lambs she had. He, being only 5 years older than her, presented her
with gifts such as candies and roses. At this time Ludovica had plans that perhaps the two would make a good match. In July of 1853, Ludovica received a very flattering letter from her sister, the
Archduchess of Austria, Sophie. Sophie was looking for a husband for the 22-year-old Emperor of Austria, Franz Josef. Remembering
Helene's wonderful example of a refined young woman, Sophie had requested that Helene come to the royal family's palace at
Bad Ischl, Austria. Ludovica, remembering Elisabeth and Karl Ludwig's innocent love, decided to bring Elisabeth with her so
perhaps she could marry off two girls into the prestigious and important Austrian royal family.
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Ludovica and her two daughters set off to
Bad Ischl in August of 1853 and arrived late. Still in their mourning clothes (they were mourning the death of their Aunt
Sophie, not the Austrian Archduchess but another aunt by the same named), they were presented to Sophie and Elise, Helene
and Elisabeth's aunt. Helene was introduced to the Emperor Franz Josef who was somewhat taken with her but at a dinner one
night Franz Josef happened to glance away from Helene, who was seated right next to him, and noticed Elisabeth, sitting far
away from him as the seats were set up according to titles and positions. Although Franz spent a lot of time courting Helene,
he soon started to notice Elisabeth more and more until finally at a small ball one night he asked Elisabeth to dance and
was smitten with her. Within days the news was announced that Franz Josef had told his mother, Sophie that he planned to marry
Elisabeth instead of Helene.
Franz began to court Elisabeth in
the way he had Helene and showed her the many splendors of his life. Sophie in did not approve of Elisabeth, nor did Ludovica,
who was somewhat embarrassed by this match for she knew how immature and unprepared Elisabeth was for the role of Empress
of Austria.
Elisabeth, her disappointed
mother, and her depressed sister left Bad Ischl on August 31, 1853. As soon as she had arrived home, Elisabeth was consumed
into lessons on how to be an empress. She studied the strict etiquette of the court, the fashions, the people who would have
roles in her life, and the languages and history of her new country. Painters, designers, and jewelers flocked to the once
calm and serene Possenhofen. Elisabeth even once described herself as a hive and all of these people were bees flocking to
her.
Franz
Josef paid a visit to his fiancée around Christmas of 1853, after 3 months of love letter writing. He only managed to stay
for a few days as his duties in Vienna called him away from Elisabeth, but she was content and returned to the end of her
studies and the beginning of the packing of her trousseau, which included 358 dresses, clothes, shoes, combs, and many other
fashion items.
On
April 20, 1854, Elisabeth left with her mother and sister for Vienna, saying goodbye to her brother, sisters, her father,
her pets, and Possenhofen forever. The Emperor met her at Linz, Austria on April 21 and the next morning they left for Vienna
onboard of a barge. When Elisabeth arrived in Vienna, Archduchess Sophie introduced her to the court at Schloss Schonbrunn
and her new entourage, including her handmaidens, ladies-in-waiting, and personal servants.
Elisabeth married Franz Joseph on April
24, 1854. The lavish ceremony took many hours. It all started with Elisabeth rising at 7 am to read two thick manuscripts
on the etiquette and the roles of her ladies-in-waiting, brought by her lead lady, Countess Esterhazy. Then Elisabeth, accompanied
by her mother and sister, set out to the church where she would be married. The church was not even a mile away and yet it
took hours for her carriage to get through the crowds. Amongst thousands of candles and pomp, Elisabeth became the wife of
the Emperor of Austria. Afterwards, many functions took place. Elisabeth was applauded, even by her aunt who disapproved of
her. Elisabeth had taken on a role that she was not ready for. Amid all the celebrations, she would never guess the deadly
and tragic turns her role as Empress of Austria would take.
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